Question 1:
At what boundary within the earth do we believe the mantle plumes (hot spots) originate?
Answer: Mantle -Outer Core Boundary
Question 2:
Which of the following igneous rocks has the lowest silica content?
Answer: Ultramafic
Question 3:
The majority of earthquakes recorded are of high magnitudes(7 or above using the Richter scale)
Answer: False
Question 4:
What is the name for the basaltic lava flow that has a ropy, folded surface?
Answer: Paphoehoe
Question 5:
Thrust Faults can be differentiated from reverse faults by the angle of fault dip.
Answer: True
Question 6:
What is soil liquefaction?
Answer: The process by which water-saturated, unconsolidated sediments are transformed into a substance that acts like a liquid, often caused by earthquakes.
Question 7:
Do Intraplate earthquakes occur often?
Answer: No
Question 8:
This rock takes up most of the Hawaiian Islands
Answer : Granite
Question 9:
This natural hazard costs the most in terms of damage that was dealt.
Answer: Landslides
Question 10:
Smaller pieces of rock that are broken off by physical weathering are called:
Answer: Clastic
Question 11:
The layer of accumulated sediment on the ocean floor is thinnest at the mid-ocean ridge.
Answer: True
Question 12:
What process creates sedimentary basins?
Answer: Subsidence
Question 13:
Does rifting in continental crust result in sea-floor spreading?
Answer: Yes
Question 14:
What is one of the main processes that drive plate tectonics?
Answer: Mantle Convection
Question 15:
The arrival of seismic body waves are recorded after the arrival of surface waves at a seismograph station.
Answer: True
Question 16:
The presence of water will decrease the melting temperature of the rock.
Answer: True.
Question 17:
One of the pieces of evidence provided by Alfred Wegener in support of his hypothesis of continental drift was the existence of marine magnetic anomalies.
Answer: False
Question 18:
Extrusive rocks have larger crystals than intrusive rocks.
Answer: False
Question 19:
A trough-like fold is a syncline.
Answer: True
Question 20:
What are the 3 main types of sediments?
Answer: clastic, biochemical, chemical.
Question 21:
What is a gap in the rock record due to non-deposition or erosion?
Answer: Unconformity.
Question 22:
Which of the following tectonic settings will be coolest at 30-km depth?
Answer: Stable continental lithosphere.
Question 23:
___________ is caused by earthquakes.
Answer: Tsunamis.
Question 24:
Metamorphic rocks result from the re-crystallization of existing rocks while they are still in a solid state.
Answer: True
Question 25:
How do you improve slope stability?
Answer: Decreasing the slope angle.
Question 26:
Is Hydrogen in the top 8 most abundant elements in Earth?
Answer: No
Question 27:
Does the temperature of magma influence its viscosity?
Answer: Yes
Question 28:
List 3 classes of rocks.
Answer: Metamorphic rocks, igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks.
Question 29:
What is a reverse fault?
Answer: A fault where the footwall is displaced downwards relative to the hanging wall.
Question 30:
How old is the oldest rock on Earth?
Answer: 4.4 Billion Years old.
Question 31:
Is the Theory of Evolution used in relative dating?
Answer: No
Question 32:
Is oxygen the most abundant element on Earth?
Answer: Yes.
Question 33:
This rock has an aphanitic texture, containing amphibole, biotite, and sodium feldspar.
Answer: Andesite
Question 34:
Is Andesite volcanic?
Answer: Yes
Question 35:
The magma that creates Andesite has a temperature of 800 degrees Celsius
Question 36:
Why did Charles Darwin think that the principle of Faunal Succession worked?
Answer: Because the organisms had evolved through many decades.
Question 37:
What is the viscosity of Andesite?
Answer: Somewhat Intermediate
Question 38:
Any substance where the atoms are arranged in a regular geometric pattern is what?
Answer: Crystalline Substance
Question 39:
What is the physical property of minerals?
Answer: Luster
Question 40:
The first geologist to suggest that Earth was very ancient was whom?
Answer: James Hutton.